Janisjarvi - Hypervelocity Impact Crater

Alternate Names
Local Language Yanisyarvi (Russian)
Coordinates 61° 58' 0" N; 30° 55' 0" E
Notes
  1. In the Karelian, 25 km N of Lake Ladoga and coincides with Jänisjärvi Lake.
Country Russia
Region Karelia
Date Confirmed 1976
Notes
  1. PDFs in quartz and shatter cones found (Masaitis et al., 1976). See also (Granovsky and Fel'Dman, 1978). There are some earlier references in Russian (Masaitis, 1973) and (Ryabenko, 1973).
Buried? No
Drilled? No
Target Type Crystalline
Notes
  1. Proterozoic crystalline and micro-schists of the Ladoga series (Masaitis et al., 1980).
Sub-Type Schist
Apparent Crater Diameter (km) 14 km
Age (Ma) 687 ± 5
Notes :
  1. The most recent, recommended age of 687 ± 5 Ma was obtained using 40Ar/39Ar of impact melt rocks (Jourdan et al., 2008) (Jourdan et al., 2012).

Method :
  1. 40Ar/39Ar
Impactor Type Unknown
Notes
  1. There was no significant difference in the chemical composition of the crystalline schists and the impactites (Fel'dman, 1979).

Advanced Data Fields

Notes

Erosion
6
  1. Vestiges of a central uplift and only remnants of the crater-fill products remain; the crater floor is exposed (Masaitis et al., 1980).
Final Rim Diameter
Unknown
Apparent Rim Diameter
14 km
  1. Diameter based on geophysics (Granovsky et al., 1978) (Masaitis et al., 1980).
Rim Reliability Index
4
  1. The lake is 12 to 15 km in diameter, elongated to the SE and <50 m deep. An eroded rim remains and three islands in the centre comprise the remains of the central uplift (Masaitis et al., 1980).
Crater Morphology
Complex
Central Uplift Diameter
km
Central Uplift Height
Unknown
Uplift Reliability Index
Structural Uplift
Unknown
Thickness of Seds
Target Age
Precambrian
Marine
No
Impactor Type
  1. There was no significant difference in the chemical composition of the crystalline schists and the impactites (Fel'dman, 1979).
Other Shock Metamorphism
Planar features
  1. Planar features **see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 (Sazonova and Beljatinskaja, 2006). Sometimes quartz grains with a single set of planar elements are observed (Muller et al., 1990). No impact diamonds found (Badjukov and Raitala, 1998). (Raitala and Halkoaho, 1992)."
Shatter Cones
Yes
  1. Shatter cones, 20-30 cm long, occur in fragments of metasiltstone within "agglomeratic suevite" (Masaitis, 1975) (Masaitis, 1999). See also (Masaitis et al., 1976) (Masaitis et al., 1980).
Planar Fractures
No
  1. see "Other
Planar Deformation Features
Yes
  1. PDF in quartz grains (Masaitis et al., 1976) (Fel'dman et al., 1978).
Diaplectic Glass
Yes
  1. Several clasts consist of diaplectic quartz glass (Muller et al., 1990). *see Fig. 2E, F.
Coesite
Yes
  1. Traces of coesite were found in some clasts (Masaitis, 1999).
Stisovite
Yes
  1. (Fel'dman et al., 1978) (Fel'dman et al., 1979).
Crater Fill
LB, MB, M
  1. Melt rocks (referred to as tagamites) are aphanitic, overlie breccias and the clast content decreases towards the top (with increasing distance from the contact with breccias) (Granovsky and Fel'Dman, 1978). The type of breccia is not clear. (Sazonova and Beljatinskaja, 2006) analyzed target rock clasts in "suevites", but these suevites are not described.
Proximal Ejecta
Distal Ejecta
Dykes
Volume of Melt
Depth of Melting

References

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V L Masaitis, A S Sindeev, Y G Staritsky (1976) The impactites of the Janisjarvi astrobleme, Meteoritica 35, p. 103-110

L B Granovsky, V I Fel'Dman (1978) Some peculiarities of geologic setting of Janisjarvi impactites, South-West Karelia, USSR, 9th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, p. 403-404, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX

L V Sazonova (1988) Shock metamorphism of ilmenite in Janisjarvi astrobleme (Karelia, USSR), Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 19, Part 3, p. 1017-1018, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

N Mueller, J B Hartung, E K Jessberger, W U Reimold (1990) 40Ar-39Ar ages of Dellen, Janisjarvi, and Saaksjarvi impact craters, Meteoritics 25(1), p. 1-10, Arizona State University, Center for Meteorite Studies, Tempe, AZ, url

J Raitala, T Halkoaho (1990) Shock metamorphic schists of Lake Janisjarvi, Karelia, Fennoscandian impact structures, L J Pesonen, H Niemisara (ed.), p. 53, Geol. Surv. Finl., Espoo

J Raitala, T Halkoaho (1992) Mineral chemistry of the shock-metamorphosed schists of the Lake Janisjarvi impact structure, Karelia, Tectonophysics 216(1-2), L J Pesonen, H Henkel (ed.), p. 187-194, Elsevier, Amsterdam, url

D D Badjukov, J Raitala (1998) The impact melt of the Janisjarvi crater, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 29, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, pdf

S Elo, L Zhdanova, A Chepik, L J Pesonen, N Philippov, A Shelemotov (2000) Comparative geophysical description and modelling of Lappajarvi and Janisjarvi impact structures, Fennoscandian Shield, Workshop of the European Science Foundation (ESF) Impact Programme, Juri Plado, Lauri J Pesonen (ed.), p. 35, Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo

E A Kozlov, Y N Zhugin, L V Sazonova, V I Fel'dman (2002) Migration of chemical components of minerals under shock-wave loading of Janisjarvi Astrobleme target rocks (Kareliya, Russia), Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 33, p. 0-Abstract 1050, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, pdf

M V Naumov (2002) Impact‐generated hydrothermal systems: Data from Popigai, Kara, and Puchezh‐Katunki impact structures, Impact Structures in Precambrian Shields, J Plado, L J Pesonen (ed.), p. 117-171, Berlin: Impact Studies 2, Springer Verlag, url

J Salminen, V L Masaitis, M Naumov, A Deutsch, L J Pesonen (2004) The position of Baltica during 700-450 Ma ago: New data from the Janisjarvi impact structure, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 85(47, Suppl.), p. abstract U33A-0030, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, url

J M Salminen, F Donadini, L J Pesonen, V L Masaitis, M V Naumov (2006) Paleomagnetism and petrophysics of the Janisjarvi impact structure, Russian Karelia, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 41(12), p. 1853-1870, Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR, url

J Salminen, F Donadini, L J Pesonen, V L Masaitis (2006) Paleomagnetism of the Lake Janisjarvi impact structure and its implications to Baltica's Neoproterozoic paleoreconstructions, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 37, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, pdf

L V Sazonova, I V Beljatinskaja (2006) Shock and thermal transformation of andalusite in impactites of the Janisjarvi Astrobleme, Karelia, Russia, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 37, p. 0-unpaginated, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, pdf

F Jourdan, P R Renne, W U Reimold (2008) High-precision 40Ar/39Ar age of the Janisjarvi impact structure (Russia), Earth and Planetary Science Letters 265(3-4), p. 438-449, Elsevier, Amsterdam, url, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2007.10.043

J Salminen (2009) Paleomagnetic and rock magnetic study with emphasis on the Precambrian intrusions and impact structures in Fennoscandia and South Africa, Report Series in Geophysics. University of Helsinki 59, p. 1-81, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, (FIN), University of Helsinki, Department of Geophysics, Helsinki, url

G Komatsu, A Coletta, M L Battagliere, M Virelli (2019) Jänisjärvi, Russia, Encyclopedic Atlas of Terrestrial Impact Craters, p. 153-154, Springer, Cham, url, doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05451-9_34

D. A. Zamiatine, D. A. Zamyatin, G. B. Mikhalevskii, N. S. Chebikin (2023) Silica Polymorphs Formation in the JanisJarvi Impact Structure: Tridymite, Cristobalite, Quartz, Trace Stishovite and Coesite, Minerals 13(5)