Bosumtwi - Hypervelocity Impact Crater

Alternate Names
Local Language
Coordinates 6° 30' 18" N; 1° 24' 35" W
Notes
  1. ~30 km SE of Kumasi, Ghana on the NW side of the Obuom Range.
Country Ghana
Region Ashanti
Date Confirmed 1962
Notes
  1. Confirmed by coesite recovered from the south side of the Bosumtwi crater (Littler et al., 1962). Later PDFs in quartz (Chao, 1968).
Buried? No
Notes
  1. Pleistocene to recent lacustrine deposits and alluvium overlay the breccia (Junner, 1937). Crater is almost completely filled by Lake Bosumtwi, ~80m deep.
Drilled? Yes
Notes
  1. 2 holes drilled by ICDP in 2004 (http://www-icdp.icdp-online.org/front_content.php?idcat=391).
Target Type Crystalline
Notes
  1. \"2 Ga greenschist facies metasediments. Lower Birimian System greywackes and argillaceous phyllite metamorphosed to greenschist facies (Jones, 1985) (Chamberlain et al., 1993). Responsible for the formation of the Ivory Coast tektite field (Faul, 1966).\"
Sub-Type Greenschist, Greywacke, Phyllite
Apparent Crater Diameter (km) Unknown
Age (Ma) 1.13 ± 0.10
Notes :
  1. 40Ar/39Ar dating on Ivory Coast tektites resulting in an age of 1.13 ± 0.10 Ma (Jourdan, 2012). Additional age constraints: Fission track dating was also performed on tektites and found an average age of 1.05 ± 0.11 Ma. The overall event age was proposed to be 1.07 Ma (Koeberl et al., 1997). Bosumtwi glass and Ivory Coast tektites provide a fission track age of 1.03 ± 0.02 Ma (Gentner et al., 1967). K-Ar analyses of Bosumtwi glass and Ivory Coast tektites have yielded the same age of ~1.02-1.1 Ma (Gentner et al., 1967).

Method :
  1. 40Ar/39Ar
Impactor Type Iron?
Notes
  1. \"Ni Fe spherules in suevite glass, variable Ni and high Ir concentrations in the tektites and anomalously high Ni in stream sediments may indicate an iron meteorite as the impacting body, however, this is not conclusive (Palme et al., 1978) (Jones et al., 1981) (Jones, 1985). Other studies still conclude that there is no meteoric evidence via (Dai et al., 2005) since some target rocks \"\"contain higher abundances of siderophile elementswhich would make it difficult to uniquely identify a meteoritic\"\".\"

Advanced Data Fields

Notes

Erosion
2
  1. Impact ejecta partiallly preserved.
Final Rim Diameter
10.5 km
Apparent Rim Diameter
Unknown
  1. Well-preserved rim (Koeberl et al., 2007).
Rim Reliability Index
2
  1. Central peak ∼1.8 km diameter and a maximum height of 120 m above the top of the allochthonous crater-fill impactites imaged in seismic reflection data (Karp et al., 2002; Scholz et al., 2002). Central uplift not exposed but drill core data indicates at that one location ~25 m of lithic and melt-bearing breccias drape over the central peak (Koeberl et al., 2007)
Crater Morphology
Complex
Central Uplift Diameter
2.5 1.8-1.9km
Central Uplift Height
0.4 0.120-0.130
Uplift Reliability Index
1
Structural Uplift
1 km
Thickness of Seds
Target Age
Precambrian
Marine
No
Impactor Type
Iron?
  1. \"Ni Fe spherules in suevite glass, variable Ni and high Ir concentrations in the tektites and anomalously high Ni in stream sediments may indicate an iron meteorite as the impacting body, however, this is not conclusive (Palme et al., 1978) (Jones et al., 1981) (Jones, 1985). Other studies still conclude that there is no meteoric evidence via (Dai et al., 2005) since some target rocks \"\"contain higher abundances of siderophile elementswhich would make it difficult to uniquely identify a meteoritic\"\".\"
Other Shock Metamorphism
Baddeleyite, Ballen Quartz Biotite Kinking Lechatelierite Mosaicism Shock melted rocks
  1. Baddeleyite in glass (El Goresy et al., 1968). Ballen quartz (Boamah and Koeberl, 2003. Biotite kinking (Boamah and Koeberl, 2003). Lechatelierite (Boamah and Koeberl, 2003). Mosaicism (Boamah and Koeberl, 2006). Shock melted rocks (Boamah and Koeberl, 2006).
Shatter Cones
No
  1. (Baratoux, 2016)
Planar Fractures
Yes
  1. (Boamah and Koeberl, 2006) (Ferriere et al., 2008)
Planar Deformation Features
Yes
  1. PDF in quartz (Chao, 1968) (Ferriere et al., 2008) and in feldspar (Boamah and Koeberl, 2003).
Diaplectic Glass
Yes
  1. The constituents of the suevite show all degrees of shock metamorphism (e.g. diaplectic glass). Found in quartz and feldspar grains (Boamah and Koeberl, 2003).
Coesite
Yes
  1. (Littler et al., 1962)
Stisovite
No
Crater Fill
LB, MB, S
  1. Crater-fill impactites include polymict lithic breccias intercalated with melt-bearing breccias (referred to as suevites). MB have a fine-grained matrix and contains lithic clasts and impact melt fragments. Suevite dykes cutting the basement rocks are also reported (Ferriere et al., 2010). Drill holes BH1 and BH3, taken outside the crater (to the N), revealed ~10 m of melt-bearing breccias (up to 20% melt fragments). They have been referred to as \"\"fallout suevites\"\" (Boamah and Koeberl, 2006). Fallout suevites (melt-bearing breccias as proximal ejecta). Suevite that has less melt as well. Monomict breccias within the crater. See ICDP drilling results. Ivory coast tektites in distal ejecta (Jones et al., 1981). LB: Proximal Ejecta (Jones et al., 1981), Crater-Fill (Ferriere et al., 2007) S: (El Goresy, 1966) G: \"\"vesicular glasses\"\" in melt-bearing breccias (suevite) as proximal ejectavia (Boamah and Koeberl, 2003) Craterfill suevites described in (Ferriere et al., 2010) Distal \'Microtektites\' are describedfor this crater via (Glass, 1972) (Boamah and Koeberl, 2006). (Koeberl, 2009)
Proximal Ejecta
LB, MB
Distal Ejecta
T
Dykes
MB
Volume of Melt
Depth of Melting

References

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Malcolm Maclaren (1931) Lake Bosumtwi, Ashanti, The Geographical Journal 78(3), p. 270-276, url

Herbert P T Rohleder (1936) Lake Bosumtwi, Ashanti, The Geographical Journal 87(1), p. 51-65, url

S O Bampo (1963) Kumasi conference on the Lake Bosumtwi crater, Nature 198, p. 1150-1151

A F J Smit (1964) Origin of Lake Bosumtwi (Ghana), Nature 203, p. 179-180, url, doi:10.1038/203179a0

G H S Jones, C H H Diehl (1965) A Scale Model Study of the Bosomtwe Crater, Astronomical Journal 70, p. 324-324, url, doi:10.1086/109736

Ahmed El Goresy (1966) Metallic spherules in Bosumtwi crater glasses, Earth an Planetary Science Letters 1, p. 23-24

Henry Faul (1966) Tektites Are Terrestrial Age determinations link the origin of some tektites to specific impact craters on the earth's surface, Science 152, p. 1341-1345

C C Schnetzler, W H Pinson, P M Hurley (1966) Rubidium-strontium age of the Bosumtwi crater area, Ghana, compared with the age of the Ivory Coast tektites, Science 151, p. 817-819

P Kolbe, W H Pinson, John M Saul, Elliott W Miller (1967) Rb-Sr study on country rocks of the Bosumtwi Crater, Ghana, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 31, p. 869-875

C C Schnetzler, A Philpotts, John, H H Thomas (1967) Rare-earth and barium abundances in Ivory Coast tektites and rocks from the Bosumtwi crater area, Ghana, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 31, p. 1987-1993

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William B Jones, Michael Bacon, David A Hastings (1981) The Lake Bosumtwi impact crater, Ghana, Geological Society of American Bulletin, Part 1 92, p. 342-349

W B Jones (1983) A proposed gas pool in the Pleistocene Bosumtwi impact crater, Ghana, Journal of Petroleum Geology 5(3), p. 315-318

W B Jones (1985) Chemical analyses of Bosumtwi crater target rocks compared with the Ivory Coast tektites, Geochrmica ei Cosmochimica AC& 49, p. 2569-2576, Pergaman Press Ltd

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Thomas Meisel, Christian Koeberl (1990) Siderophile elements in selected impact glasses and melts and the possibility of determining the composition of the impactor, Meteoritics 25, p. 385-385

B P Glass, Dennis V Kent, David A Schneider, L Tauxe (1991) Ivory Coast microtektite strewn field: description and relation to the Jaramillo geomagnetic event, Earth and Planetary Science Letters 107, p. 182-196

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Christian Koeberl, Steven B Shirey (1993) Detection of a Meteoritic Component in Ivory Coast Tektites with Rhenium-Osmium Isotopes, Science 261, p. 595-598, Univ. of Arizona Press

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Season C Koeberl, W U Reimold, L J Pesonen, D Brandt (1997) New studies of the Bosumtwi impact structure, Ghana: The 1997 Field Season, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 32, p. A72-A72

Christian Koeberl, Richard J Bottomley, Billy P Glass, Dieter Storzer (1997) Geochemistry and age of Ivory Coast tektites and microtektites, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 61(8), p. 1745-1772, doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00026-4

Wolf Uwe Reimold, D Brandt, C Koeberl (1997) Geological Studies at lake Bosumtwi Impact Crater, Ghana, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 32(4), p. A107-A107

Sylvanus Tetteh Ahulu (1997) Overview of Bosumtwi crater, Ghana, Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution

R V Conceição, H Sumino, Y Orihashi, And K Nagao, L Coney, Ludovic Ferrière, W U Reimold, C Koeberl, Roger L Gibson (1998) Mantle heterogeneity evidence from South Patagonia, Argentine indicated by noble gas analysis on mantle xenoliths. Geochemical characterisics of the LB-07A and LB-08A cores from the Bosumtwi Impact Structure, Ghana, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62, p. 689-708

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Wolf Uwe Reimold, D Brandt, Christian Koeberl (1998) Detailed Structural Analysis of the Rim of a Large, Complex Impact Crater Botsumtwi Crater, Ghana, Geology 26, p. 543-546

C Koeberl, I McDonald, Wolf Uwe Reimold (1999) Extraterrestrial Component in Impact Breccia at the Bosumtwi Impact Structure, Ghana, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 34(4), p. A66-A66

Tom Blenkinsop (1999) Microstructures in Suevite from the Bosumtwi Impact, Ghana, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 34, p. A13-A13

Daniel Boamah, Christian Koeberl (1999) Shallow Drilling Around the Bosumtwi Crater, Ghana: Preliminary Results, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 34, p. A13-A13

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Christopher A Scholz, Tobias Karp, Keely M Brooks, Bernd Milkereit, Philip Y O Amoako, Justice A Arko (2002) Pronounced central uplift identified in the Bosumtwi impact structure, Ghana, using multichannel seismic reflection data, Geology(10), p. 939

Rudiger Wagner, Wolf Uwe Reimold, D Brandt (2002) Bosumtwi Impact Crater, Ghana: A Remote Sensing Investigation, Impacts in Precambrian Shields, p. 189-210

Daniel Boamah, Christian Koeberl (2002) Geochemistry of Soils from the Bosumtwi Impact Structure, Ghana, and Relationship to Radiometric Airborne Geophysical Data, Impact in Precambrian Shields, p. 211-255, url, doi:10.1007/978-3-662-05010-1_9

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Ludovic Ferrière, Christian Koeberl, Wolf Uwe Reimold, Dieter Mader (2007) Drill core LB-08A, Bosumtwi impact structure, Ghana: Geochemistry of fallback breccia and basement samples from the central uplift, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 42, p. 689-708, url

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Kerry Sieh, Danny H Natawidjaja, Aron J Meltzner, Chuan Chou Shen, Hai Cheng, Kuei Shu Li, Bambang W Suwargadi, John Galetzka, Belle Philibosian, Lawrence Edwards (2008) Earthquake supercycles inferred from sea-level changes recorded in the corals of west Sumatra, Science 322(5908), p. 1674-1678, doi:10.1126/science.1163589

S Luetke, A Deutsch, J Berndt, F Langenhorst (2008) Trace elements in Ivory Coast tektites, microtektites, and fallback particles of the lake Bosumtwi impact crater, Ghana: A LA-ICP-MS study, Lunary and Planetary Science XXXIX

John F Mchone, Marc D Fries, Marvin Killgore (2008) Raman detection of Titania-II, an impact induced rutile polymorph in suevite ejecta at Bosumptwi crater, Ghana, Lunar and Planetary Science XXXIX

Sz Nagy, A Gucsik, Sz Bérczi, K Ninagawa, H Nishido, Á Kereszturi, H Hargitai, T Okumura (2008) K-Feldspar and Biotite as shock indicator minerals from Bosumtwi impact crater, Lunar and Planetary Science XXXIX

Ludovic Ferrière, C Koeberl, B A Ivanov, Wolf Uwe Reimold (2008) Shock metamorphism of Bosumtwi impact crater rocks, shock attenuation, and uplift formation, Science 322(5908), url, doi:10.1126/science.1166283

C Koeberl (2009) Central uplift formation in complex impact craters - Comparison of lunar and terrestrial craters, Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Science Targeting Meeting

M C Van Soest, J A Wartho, B D Monteleone, K V Hodges, C Koeberl, M Schmieder, E Buchner, J G Spray, R K Bezys, W U Reimold (2009) (U-Th)/He dating of single zircon and apatite crystals - A new tool for dating terrestrial impact structures, 40th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference

Ludovic Ferrière, Christian Koeberl, Franz Brandstätter, Dieter Mader (2010) Geochemistry of basement rocks and impact breccias from the central uplift of the Bosumtwi crater, Ghana - Comparison of proximal and distal impactites, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 465, p. 443-469, Geological Society of America, doi:10.1130/2010.2465(22)

Ludovic Ferrière, Christian Koeberl, Martin Thöni, Chen Liang (2010) Single crystal U-Pb zircon age and Sr-Nd isotopic composition of impactites from the Bosumtwi impact structure, Ghana: Comparison with country rocks and Ivory Coast tektites, Chemical Geology 275(3-4), p. 254-261, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.05.016

L Adolph, A Deutsch (2010) Impact glasses of the lake Bosumtwi impact structure, Ghana: Ivory coast tektites, microtektites, fallback particles and suevite glass - similarities and differences, 41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference

Sylvester K Danuor, Akwasi A Aning, J Pohl, T Karp, Hans Berckhemer (2013) Geophysical characteristics of the Bosumtwi impact crater from seismic, gravity and magnetic measurements, European Scientific Journal 9(15), p. 121-141

Anna Losiak, Toni Schulz, Robert Buchwaldt, Christian Koeberl (2013) Petrology, major and trace element geochemistry, geochronology, and isotopic composition of granitic intrusions from the vicinity of the Bosumtwi impact crater, Ghana, Lithos 177, p. 297-313, doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2013.06.002

Rudolf Välja, K Kirsimäe, Daniel Boamah, P Somelar (2013) Inverted structure of melt-rich impact breccias at Bosumtwi crater: Implications to mixing and cooling history of fallout suevites, Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution V

Akwasi A Aning, Piotr Tucholka, Sylvester K Danuor (2013) 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) Survey using the Multi-Electrode Gradient Array at the Bosumtwi Impact Crater, Ghana, Journal of Environment and Earth Science 3, p. 12-27, url

Anna Losiak, Eva Maria Wild, Leonard Michlmayr, Christian Koeberl (2014) 10Be content in clasts from fallout suevitic breccia in drill cores from the Bosumtwi impact crater, Ghana: Clues to preimpact target distribution, Meteoritics and Planetary Science 49(3), p. 394-411, University of Arkansas, doi:10.1111/maps.12256

Yvonne Sena Akosua Loh, Sandow Mark Yidana, Bruce Banoeng-Yakubo, Patrick Asamoah Sakyi, Millicent Obeng Addai, Daniel K Asiedu (2016) Determination of the mineral stability field of evolving groundwater in the Lake Bosumtwi impact crater and surrounding areas, Journal of African Earth Sciences 121, p. 286-300, Elsevier, Oxford, url, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2016.06.007

Rudolf Välja, Kalle Kirsimäe, Christian Koeberl, Daniel Boamah, Juho Kirs (2019) Incipient devitrification of impact melt particles at Bosumtwi crater, Ghana: Implications for suevite cooling history and melt dispersion, Meteoritics and Planetary Science 54(10), p. 2557-2572, University of Arkansas, doi:10.1111/maps.13225

David Baratoux, Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba Niang, Wolf Uwe Reimold, Marian Selorm Sapah, Mark Walter Jessell, Daniel Boamah, Gayane Faye, S Bouley, Olivier Vanderheaghe (2019) Bosumtwi impact structure, Ghana: Evidence for fluidized emplacement of the ejecta, Meteoritics and Planetary Science 54(10), p. 2541-2556, University of Arkansas, doi:10.1111/maps.13253

Gerwin Wulf, S Hergarten, T Kenkmann (2019) Combined remote sensing analyses and landform evolution modeling reveal the terrestrial Bosumtwi impact structure as a Mars-like rampart crater, Earth and Planetary Science Letters 506, p. 209-220, Elsevier B.V., doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.11.009

Emmanuel Habimana, Akwasi A Aning, Vandycke Asare Sarpong, Sylvester K Danuor, Callistus Nero (2020) Mapping the subsurface structure of the suevite deposit in the north of the Bosumtwi impact crater using electrical resistivity and seismic refraction tomographies, Annals of Geophysics 63(2), p. 1-13, Editrice Compositori s.r.l., doi:10.4401/AG-7752