Mishina Gora - Hypervelocity Impact Crater

Alternate Names
Local Language
Coordinates 58° 43' 3" N; 28° 2' 55" E
Notes
  1. ~25 km SE of the city of Gdov, on the S flank of the Baltic Shield.
Country Russia
Region Pskov
Date Confirmed 1974
Notes
  1. First published mention of shatter cones and PDFs in quartz (Masaitis, 1974).
Buried? No
Notes
  1. Slightly covered with glacial boulder loams up to 20 m thick (Shmayenok and Tikhomirov, 1974).
Drilled? Yes
Notes
  1. 9 holes were drilled to depths of between 100 and 903 m; 3 boreholes drilled into the centre, penetrated argillaceous sandstone and limestone breccias, granitic megabreccia and into fractured basement gneiss (Masaitis et al., 1980).
Target Type Mixed
Notes
  1. Archean and Lower-Middle Proterozoic gneiss, schists, amphibolites, granites and migmatites overlain by Upper Proterozoic, sandstones, siltstones an clays, Cambrian clays and sandstones, Ordovician sandstones and carbonates and Devonian carbonates, sandstones, siltstones, clays and marls (Masaitis et al., 1980). Deformed sedimentary cover formations up to the Devonian. Devonian marls, dolomites, sandstones, and clays (~0.2km) overlie Ordovician sandstones, dolomites, and limestones (0.15km), which then overlie Cambrian clays and sandstones (0.1km) and Upper Proterozoic sandstones and siltstones (0.09km) (Masaitis, 1999).
Sub-Type Carbonate, Claystone, Gneiss, Sandstone, Schist, Siltstone, Granite
Apparent Crater Diameter (km) 2.5 km
Age (Ma) <360
Notes :
  1. A rough range of <360 Ma is recommended based on stratigraphic age constraints (Masaitis, 1999) (Schmieder and Kring, 2020). Previous work noted that Upper Devonian rocks are involved in deformation (Shmayenok and Tikhomirov, 1974).

Method :
  1. Stratigraphy
Impactor Type Unknown

Advanced Data Fields

Notes

Erosion
6
  1. Largely eroded, with some crater-fill products preserved (Masaitis et al., 1980).
Final Rim Diameter
Unknown
Apparent Rim Diameter
2.5 km
  1. Cited at 2.5 km diameter (Masaitis, 1999).
Rim Reliability Index
3
  1. Consists of a oval hill rising 20 to 25 m above the surrounding flat plain (Shmayenok and Tikhomirov, 1974). May be part of a much larger structure.
Crater Morphology
Simple
Central Uplift Diameter
km
Central Uplift Height
Unknown
Uplift Reliability Index
Structural Uplift
Unknown
Thickness of Seds
0.46-0.53
Target Age
Precambrian Palaeozoic
Marine
No
Impactor Type
Other Shock Metamorphism
No
Shatter Cones
Yes
  1. Well-developed shatter cones occur in gneiss and schist fragments in breccia (Masaitis et al., 1975) (a photograph of shatter cone is visible). Shatter cone fragments occur in polymict allogenic breccia from the crater centre (Masaitis, 1999). Shatter cones in gneiss/granites? (Masaitis, 1999).
Planar Fractures
No
Planar Deformation Features
Yes
  1. PDF in quartz (Masaitis et al., 1980).
Diaplectic Glass
No
Coesite
No
Stisovite
No
Crater Fill
LB, MB
  1. The structure is filled with "mixed allogenic breccia", which consists of target rock clasts (both sedimentary and crystalline), "altered impact glass" and "diaplectic glass", in a "clayey and sandy matrix" (Masaitis, 1999).
Proximal Ejecta
Distal Ejecta
Dykes
Volume of Melt
Depth of Melting

References

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V L Masaitis (1973) Geological Consequences of the Falls of the Crater-forming Meteorites, Leningrad: Nedra Press

A I Shmayenok, D B Malakhovskiy (1974) Explosion pipe near the southeastern bank of the Chudskoye Lake, Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta. Seriya 7: Geologiya-Geografiya(24, Vypusk 4), p. 97-107, Izdatel'stvo Leningradskogo Universiteta, St. Petersburg, url

A I Shmayenok, S N Tikhomirov (1974) The Mishina Gora explosive structure in the Lake Chud area, Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 219(3), p. 701-703, Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Moscow, url

A I Shmayenok, S N Tikhomirov (1975) The Mishina Gora cryptoexplosion structure near Lake Chudskoye (Peipus), Doklady. Earth Science Sections 219, (1974(1-6), p. 52-54, Scripta Publishing, Silver Spring, MD, url

F Pipping, V Puura (1996) Impact craters in the surroundings of the Gulf of Finland, Special Paper - Geological Survey of Finland 21, p. 127-133, Geologian Tutkimuskeskus, Espoo, url

V L Masaitis (1999) Impact structures of northeastern Eurasia: The territories of Russia and adjacent countries, Meteorics & Planetary Science 34(5), p. 691-711, url

G Komatsu, A Coletta, M L Battagliere, M Virelli (2019) Mishina Gora, Russia, Encyclopedic Atlas of Terrestrial Impact Craters, p. 183-184, Springer, Cham, url, doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05451-9_44

Leho Ainsaar, O Tinn, A V Dronov, E Kiipli, S Radzevičius, T Meidla (2020) Stratigraphy and facies differences of the Middle Darriwilian Isotopic Carbon Excursion (MDICE) in Baltoscandia, Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 69(4), p. 214-222, doi:10.3176/earth.2020.16