Manson - Hypervelocity Impact Crater

Alternate Names
Local Language
Coordinates 42° 35' 54" N; 94° 32' 33" W
Notes
  1. 5 km N of town of Manson.
Country United States of America
Region Iowa
Date Confirmed 1966
Notes
  1. Confirmed by the first report of planar features in quartz grains from core samples (Short, 1966).
Buried? Yes
Notes
  1. Covered by 30-90 m of Quaternary (Pleistocene) glacial drift (Hoppin and Dryden, 1958) (Hartung and Anderson, 1988).
Drilled? Yes
Notes
  1. In 1991 and 1992, 12 drill holes totalling over 1200 m of core was recovered, including 2 central peak cores in 1953 (Hoppin and Dryden, 1958; Hartung and Anderson, 1988; Anderson et al., 1993). Drilled in 1950s and later in 1990s. GSA Sp. Paper 302 (1996) for drilling and other results.
Target Type Mixed
Notes
  1. Cretaceous to Proterozoic sediments overlying Proterozoic gneisses and granite. 0.1km of clastic sediments left exposed by regression of Cretaceous sea. Below, in descending order: 0.1km of Pennsylvanian shale, ~0.7km of carbonates with interbedded shale and sandstone, and a basement of Precambrian red clastic sedimentary rocks (~4km) (Koeberl and Hartung, 1992.
Sub-Type Gneiss, Sedimentary, Granite
Apparent Crater Diameter (km) 35 km
Age (Ma) 75.9 ± 0.1
Notes :
  1. 40Ar/39Ar dating of melt rock provides an age of 75.9 ± 0.1 Ma (Izett et al.,1998), recalculated by (Schmieder and Kring, 2020); the pre-recalculated age was 74.1 ± 0.1 Ma.

Method :
  1. 40Ar/39Ar
Impactor Type Unknown

Advanced Data Fields

Notes

Erosion
6
  1. The crystalline basement rocks of the central uplift were exposed and severely weathered before being covered by glacial drift (Hoppin and Dryden, 1958) (Hartung and Anderson, 1988). (Anderson et al., 1988) say virtually uneroded since breccia is preserved in all regions. Post-impact erosion is estimated to range from 300 to 175 to m depending on age of formation (65 to 74 Ma, respectively) prior to deposition of Pleistocene glacial deposits (Schultz and Anderson, 1996).
Final Rim Diameter
Unknown
Apparent Rim Diameter
35 km
  1. The major zone of disruption due to impact is contained within the limits of a nearly circular feature 35 km in diameter (Pisarik et al., 1977) (Hartung and Anderson, 1988).
Rim Reliability Index
1
  1. Seismic reflection data suggest a centel uplift 7 km in diameter and SU = 2.8 km (Keiswetter et al., 1996).
Crater Morphology
Complex
Central Uplift Diameter
7km
Central Uplift Height
Unknown
Uplift Reliability Index
2
Structural Uplift
2.8 km
Thickness of Seds
0.9
Target Age
Precambrian Palaeozoic
Marine
No
Impactor Type
Other Shock Metamorphism
Kink bandsToasted quartz
  1. Kink banding in mica (Koeberl et al., 1996) and toasted quartz (Short and Gold, 1996).
Shatter Cones
No
Planar Fractures
No
Planar Deformation Features
Yes
  1. PDF in quartz grains (Therriault, 1989) (Short and Gold, 1993) (Short and Gold, 1996) (Koeberl et al., 1996) and feldspars (Short and Gold, 1993).
Diaplectic Glass
Yes
  1. Diaplectic quartz or feldspar glasses were rarely observed and related to the often high degree of annealing of clasts (Koeberl, 1996).
Coesite
No
Stisovite
No
Crater Fill
LB, MB, M
  1. (McCarville and Crossey, 1996) (Witzke and Anderson, 1996) (Anderson et al., 1996)
Proximal Ejecta
LB
Distal Ejecta
Shocked quartz and feldspar grains with multiple PDFs have been identified in the Upper Cretaceous Crow Creek Member ~500 km away in South Dakota which may be coeval with the Manson impact structure (Witzke et al., 1996).
Dykes
LB, M, P
Volume of Melt
Depth of Melting
Impact melt rock/breccia were identified in cores down to ~200 m; impact structure is buried by ~50 m of Pleistocene till (Anderson et al., 1996).

References

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L V A Sendlein (1971) A Seismic Survey of the Manson Disturbed Area

T A Smith, L V A Sendlein (1971) Geophysical study of the Manson impact crater, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 52(4), p. 264-265, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, url

R Pisarik, J Petershagen, K Wilke, L V A Sendlein (1977) Magnetic studies of the Manson Disturbed Area, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 9(5), p. 642, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

J B Hartung (1985) Field investigation of "suevite" outcrop related to the Manson, Iowa, impact structure, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 66(18), p. 296, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, url

M J Kunk, G A Izett, J F Sutter (1987) (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar age spectra of shocked K-feldspar suggest K-T boundary age for Manson, Iowa, impact structure, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 68(44), p. 1514, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, url

J B Hartung (1987) Manson structure team will help guide research, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 68(49), p. 1641, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, url, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/EO068i049p01641-02

W D Stanley, W D Heran, V L Bankey, G A Abrams (1988) Configuration and structural setting of the Manson impact structure, Iowa, from surface and airborne geophysics, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 69(44), p. 1167, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC

J B Hartung, M J Kunk, R R Anderson (1988) The Manson impact structure; a possible site for a Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary impact, LPI Contribution 673, p. 70-71, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, url

J B Hartung, R R Anderson (1988) A compilation of information and data on the Manson impact structure, LPI Technical Report 88-08, p. 32, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX

J B Hartung, R R Anderson (1988) A summary of data on the Manson impact structure, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 19, Part 2, p. 455-456, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

B J Witzke, R R Anderson (1988) Iowa's Manson Crater, Iowa Geology 13, p. 4-7, Iowa Geological Survey, [Iowa City, IA], url

J B Hartung, R R Anderson (1989) The Manson impact structure and the probability of a K-T boundary age by chance, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 70(20), p. 601, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, url

R R Anderson, J B Hartung, G A Izett, M J Kunk (1989) Manson impact structure; evidence of a Cretaceous-Tertiary impact site in north-central Iowa, International Geological Congress, Abstracts--Congres Geologique Internationale, Resumes 28(1), p. 41-42, [International Geological Congress], [location varies], url

M J Kunk, G A Izett, R A Haugerud, J F Sutter (1989) 40Ar-39Ar dating of the Manson impact structure: A cretaceous-tertiary boundary crater candidate, Science 244(4912), p. 1565-1568, url

G A Izett (1990) Mineralogic data indicate the K-T boundary impact occurred on continental crust probably near Manson, Iowa, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 22(7), p. 280, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

J B Hartung, R R Anderson (1990) Manson impact structure rocks: Evidence for impact melting, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 21, p. 465-466, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX

J B Hartung, M J Kunk, R R Anderson (1990) Geology, geophysics and geochronology of the Manson impact structure, Geological Society of America 247, PD SHARPTON, VL and WARD (ed.), p. 207-221, BOULDER: GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA INC, url

W D MacDonald, B B Ellwood (1990) Magnetic properties of rocks from the Manson (Iowa) impact structure, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 71(43), p. 1425, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, url

M J Kunk, W Compston (1990) (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar age spectra of shocked microcline from the central uplift of the Manson impact structure support a link with the K-T boundary, Abstracts - Geological Society of Australia 27, p. 57, Geological Society of Australia, Sydney, N.S.W., url

J B Hartung, R R Anderson (1991) The geology of the Manson impact structure: Sample studies reveal a well preserved complex impact crater, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 22, p. 525-526, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

C B Officer, N L Carter (1991) A review of the structure, petrology, and dynamic deformation characteristics of some enigmatic terrestrial structures, Earth-Science Reviews 30(1-2), p. 1-49, doi:10.1016/0012-8252(91)90012-5

R R Anderson, J B Hartung (1991) The terminal Cretaceous Manson impact structure in north central Iowa; impact effects and implications for other K-T impact sites, if they exist, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 23(3), p. 2, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

R R Anderson, J B Hartung, M K Reagan, M S Bell, O Plocher (1992) First results from the Manson impact structure core-drilling project: Preliminary observations and interpretations from the M-1 Core, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 23, p. 31-32, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

E M Shoemaker, M B Steiner (1992) Reversely magnetized breccia from the Manson impact structure, Iowa, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 73(43, Suppl.), p. 336, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, url

J Hartung, A Kracher, R Anderson, O Plocher (1992) Manson impact structure rocks: Evidence for an exotic component, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 23, p. 497-498, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

R R Anderson, J B Hartung, D J Roddy, E M Shoemaker (1992) Research core drilling in the Manson impact structure, Iowa, LPI Contribution 790, p. 2-3, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, url

W R Premo (1992) Nd-Sr isotopic signature of the Pierre Shale; target material at the Manson impact site and source of the Haitian tektites (K-T boundary)?, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 23, p. 1099-1100, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

C Koeberl, J B Hartung (1992) Geochemisty of Manson Impact Structure Rocks: Target Rocks, Impact Glasses and Microbreccias, Lunar and Planetary Institute 22, p. 111-126

C Koeberl, J B Hartung (1992) Geochemistry of Manson impact structure rocks; target rocks, impact glasses, and microbreccias, Proceedings of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 22, Graham Ryder, Virgil L Sharpton (ed.), p. 111-126, Pergamon, New York, NY, url

M B Steiner, E M Shoemaker (1993) Two-polarity magnetization in the Manson impact breccia, Proceedings of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 24, p. 1347-1348, Pergamon, New York, NY, url

M J Kunk, L W Snee, B M French, S S Harlan, J J McGee, Douglas P Blanchard, David Black (1993) Preliminary (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar age spectrum and laser probe dating of the M1 core of the Manson impact structure, Iowa; a K-T boundary crater candidate, Proceedings of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 24, p. 835-836, Pergamon, New York, NY, url

R A F Grieve (1993) Manson structure implicated, Nature 340, p. 428-429

D A Keiswetter, R Black, D W Steeples, R R Anderson (1993) High-resolution seismic reflection survey at the Manson crater, Iowa, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 24, p. 781-782, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

R R Anderson, B J Witzke, J B Hartung (1993) Preliminary descriptions of impact rocks recovered by recent core drilling in the Manson impact structure, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 28

Joel D Blum, C Page Chamberlain, M P Hingston, C Koeberl, Douglas P Blanchard, David Black (1993) Strontium and oxygen isotope study of M-1, M-3 and M-4 drill core samples from the Manson impact structure, Iowa: Comparison with Haitian K-T impact glasses, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 24, p. 135-136, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, pdf

G A Izett, R L Reynolds, J G Rosenbaum, J M Nishi (1993) A discontinuous melt sheet in the Manson impact structure, Proceedings of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 24, p. 705-706, Pergamon, New York, NY, pdf

R R Anderson, B J Witzke, J B Hartung, E M Shoemaker, D J Roddy (1993) Descriptions and preliminary interpretations of cores recovered from the Manson impact structure (Iowa), Proceedings of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 24, p. 35-36, Pergamon, New York, NY, url

R L Korotev, B L Jolliff, K M Rockow, L A Haskin, L J Crossey (1993) A Preliminary Geochemical Study of Crystalline Melt From the Manson Impact Structure, METEORITICS 28

Mary Sue Bell, M K Reagan, R R Anderson, C T Foster Jr (1993) Petrography of the crystalline breccias from the Manson M-1 core; compositional correlation to target lithologies, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 25(6), p. 222, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

P K Zeitler, M J Kunk, Douglas P Blanchard, David Black (1993) Age and thermochronology of K-feldspars from the Manson impact structure, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 24, p. 1567-1568, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

M B Steiner, E M Shoemaker (1993) The Late Cretaceous Manson impact structure, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 74(43, Suppl.), p. 386, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, url

E M Shoemaker, D J Roddy, R R Anderson, Douglas P Blanchard, David Black (1993) Research program on the Manson impact crater, Iowa, Proceedings of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 24, p. 1301-1302, Pergamon, New York, NY, url

W A Cobban, J D Obradovich, M J Kunk (1993) The Manson Impact Structure : 40Ar / 39Ar Age and Its Distal Impact Ejecta in the Pierre Shale in Southeastern South Dakota, Science 262(5134), p. 729-732

J B Plescia, Douglas P Blanchard, David Black (1993) Gravity investigation of the Manson impact structure, Iowa, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 24, p. 1157-1158, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

L J Crossey, P McCarville, Douglas P Blanchard, David Black (1993) Post-impact alteration of the Manson impact structure, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 24, p. 351-352, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

N M Short, D P Gold, Douglas P Blanchard, David Black (1993) Petrography of shock features in the 1953 Manson 2-A drill core, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 24, p. 1303-1304, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

L J Crossey, M E Campana, T G Gates, P McCarville (1993) Post-impact fluid flow and alteration; Manson impact structure, Manson, IA, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 25(6), p. 23, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

R R Anderson (1993) Preliminary observations from new research cores, Manson impact structure, north-central Iowa, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 25(3), p. 2-3, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

R R Anderson, B J Witzke, E M Shoemaker, D J Roddy, J B Hartung (1993) Research core drilling in the Manson impact structure; preliminary descriptions of lithologic units, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 25(6), p. 222, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

P McCarville, L J Crossey (1994) Postimpact hydrothermal alteration of the Manson impact Structure, 57th Meteoritical Society Annual Meeting, p. 133, url, doi:10.1130/0-8137-2302-7.347

P K Zeitler (1994) Dating shocked feldspars, Manson impact structure, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 402, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO

C Koeberl, S B Shirey (1994) Manson impact structure, Iowa; Re-Os isotope systematics indicate presence of cosmic component in impact breccia, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(5), p. 24, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO

Mary Sue Bell, M K Reagan, R R Anderson, C T Foster Jr (1994) Compositions of minerals in polymict and suevitic breccias from the Manson M-1 core, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 403, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO

G B Dalrymple, G A Izett (1994) (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar age of the Manson impact structure, Iowa, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 336, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO

D J Roddy, E M Shoemaker, R R Anderson, R M Mitterer (1994) Manson impact structure research program; summary through February 1994, Proceedings - International Symposium on the Observation of the Continental Crust through Drilling 7, p. 203-207, [varies], [location varies], url

R R Anderson, J B Hartung, B J Witzke, E M Shoemaker, D J Roddy (1994) Preliminary results of the U.S. Geological Survey-Iowa Department of Natural Resources Geological Survey Bureau Manson core drilling project, Special Paper - Geological Society of America 293, B O Dressler, R A F Grieve, V L Sharpton (ed.), p. 237-247, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

P McCarville, L J Crossey (1994) Post-impact hydrothermal alteration of the Manson impact structure, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 397, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

W D Gosnold Jr (1994) Heat flow data from core holes at the Manson impact site, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 403-404, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

B J Witzke, R R Anderson, G A Ludvigson, R H Hammond (1994) Deposition of Crow Creek Member (Pierre Shale, Campanian), Southeast South Dakota, and supposed relations to Iowa's Manson Structure, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(5), p. 68, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

R R Anderson, B J Witzke (1994) Bunte breccia-like deposits within the Manson impact structure (Iowa): Evidence for impact into a shallow marine environment?, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 25, Part 1, p. 31-32, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

M J Kunk, G L Nord Jr (1994) The Manson impact structure is not a K-T boundary event, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 337-338, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

G Schurr, G A Ludvigson, R H Hammond (1994) Perspectives on the eastern margin of the cretaceous western interior basin, Geological Society of America Special Papers, p. 197-210, Geological Society of America, doi:https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE287

G A Izett, W A Cobban (1994) Constraints on the age of impact ejecta in the Pierre Shale of eastern South Dakota derived from the Manson, Iowa, impact event, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 402, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

A Kracher, R R Anderson, C Koeberl (1994) Composition of breccia matrices from the Manson M-1 drill core, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 29, p. 485

N M Short, D P Gold (1994) Distribution of shock metamorphic effects in rocks in and above the central peak at the Manson (Iowa) impact structure (MIS), Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 397, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

M B Steiner, E M Shoemaker (1994) Two-polarity magnetization of the Manson impact breccias, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 338, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

B L Jolliff, R L Korotev, K M Rockow, L A Haskin (1994) Geochemistry of crystalline-clast breccias from the Manson impact structure, Iowa; the impact-melt component, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 397, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

M K Reagan, C T Foster Jr, Mary Sue Bell (1994) Preferential feldspar comminution in melt-rich breccias from the Manson impact structure, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 338, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

R R Anderson, B J Witzke, D J Roddy, E M Shoemaker (1994) Core drilling in the Manson impact structure provides abundant research materials and new insights into the geology of a well-preserved complex impact crater, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 337, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

R R Anderson, B J Witzke, J B Hartung (1994) Impact materials recovered by research core drilling in the Manson impact structure, Iowa, LPI Contribution 825, p. 5-6, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, url

D P Gold, N M Short (1994) Shock logs for two central peak drill holes from the Manson impact structure (MIS), Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 403, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

D Keiswetter, R Black, D W Steeples (1994) Structural features within the ring graben of the Manson impact structure, Iowa, interpreted from high-resolution seismic-reflection data, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 397, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

R R Anderson, B J Witzke (1994) Phanerozoic clast breccia in the Manson impact structure (Iowa); evidence for impact into a shallow marine environment?, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(5), p. 2, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

R Black, D A Keiswetter, D W Steeples (1994) Structure of the crater moat and central uplift, Manson impact structure, Iowa, interpreted from high-resolution seismic-reflection data, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 26(7), p. 403, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

R L Korotev, K M Rockow, B L Jolliff, L A Haskin, P McCarville, L J Crossey (1994) Geochemical comparison of four cores from the Manson impact structure, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 25, Part 2, p. 729-730, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

G A Izett, W A Cobban (1994) Size and distribution of shocked mineral grains in the Pierre Shale (late Cretaceous) of South Dakota related to the Manson, Iowa, impact event, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 25, Part 2, p. 607-608, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

B L Jolliff, R L Korotev, K M Rockow, L A Haskin (1995) Manson impact structure: The impact-melt component, Lunar & Planetary Science XXVI, p. 693-694, url

D J Roddy, E M Shoemaker, R R Anderson (1995) Manson impact structure research program: Summary through January 1995, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 26, Part 3, p. 1181-1182, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

C Koeberl, W U Reimold, R R Anderson, A Kracher (1995) Origin of impact melt breccias and suevites in drill cores from the Manson impact structure determined from mixing calculations, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 26, Part 2, p. 771-772, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

R R Anderson, B J Witzke, R H Hammond, D K Watkins, Douglas P Blanchard, David Black (1995) Preliminary investigation of shocked grains (Manson ejecta?), palaeontology, and depositional features in the Crow Creek Member, Pierre shale (upper Cretaceous) of southeastern South Dakota and northeastern Nebraska, and its effect on upper Cretaceous biota, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 26, Part 1, p. 43-44, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, url

D Keiswetter, R Black, D Steeples (1995) Integration of borehole data, Vibroseis, and high-resolution seismic-reflection data, Manson impact structure, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 27(3), p. 63, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO

M B Steiner (1995) Unusual magnetization characteristics of Manson and Chixulub impact structures; implications for post-impact time, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 27(6), p. 349, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

R L Korotev, K M Rockow, B L Jolliff, L A Haskin, P Mccarville, L J Crossey (1996) Geochemical from comparison impact of four cores the Manson structure, Geological Society of America, Special Papers, p. 275-316, url

N M Short, D P Gold (1996) Petrography of shocked rocks from the central peak at the Manson impact structure, Special Paper - Geological Society of America 302, Christian Koeberl, Raymond R Anderson (ed.), p. 245-265, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

J B Hartung, R R Anderson (1996) A brief history on investigations of the Manson impact structure, Special Paper - Geological Society of America 302, Christian Koeberl, Raymond R Anderson (ed.), p. 31-43, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

H Leroux, J C Doukhan (1996) A transmission electron microscope study of shocked quartz from the Manson impact structure, Special Paper - Geological Society of America 302, Christian Koeberl, Raymond R Anderson (ed.), p. 267-274, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

J B Plescia (1996) Gravity investigation of the Manson impact structure, Iowa, Special Paper - Geological Society of America 302, Christian Koeberl, Raymond R Anderson (ed.), p. 89-104, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

E Pernicka, D Kaether, C Koeberl (1996) Siderophile element concentrations in drill core samples from the Manson crater, Special Paper - Geological Society of America 302, Christian Koeberl, Raymond R Anderson (ed.), p. 325-330, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

Mary Sue Bell, M K Reagan, R R Anderson, C T Foster Jr (1996) Petrography of crystalline clast breccias from the Manson M-1 core, Special Paper - Geological Society of America 302, Christian Koeberl, Raymond R Anderson (ed.), p. 221-233, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

C Koeberl, S B Shirey (1996) Re-Os isotope study of rocks from the Manson impact structure, Special Paper - Geological Society of America 302, Christian Koeberl, Raymond R Anderson (ed.), p. 331-339, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

M B Steiner, E M Shoemaker (1996) A hypothesized Manson impact tsunami; paleomagnetic and stratigraphic evidence in the Crow Creek Member, Pierre Shale, Special Paper - Geological Society of America 302, Christian Koeberl, Raymond R Anderson (ed.), p. 419-432, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

M B Steiner (1996) Implications of magneto-mineralogic characteristics of the Manson and Chicxulub impact rocks, Special Paper - Geological Society of America 307, Graham Ryder, David Fastovsky, Stefan Gartner (ed.), p. 89-104, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

P McCarville, L J Crossey (1996) Post-impact hydrothermal alteration of the Manson impact structure, Special Paper - Geological Society of America 302, Christian Koeberl, Raymond R Anderson (ed.), p. 347-376, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

O Keiswetter, D Steeples, R. Black (1996) Seismic reflection analysis of the Manson Impact Structure , Iowa, Journal of Geophysical Research 101, p. 5823-5834, url

L M Goetsch (1996) The Manson Impact Structure Iowa: Anatomy of an Impact Crater, Geological Society of America, Special Papers, p. 81, url

C Koeberl, R R Anderson, R H Boer, Blum J D, C P Chamberlain, W U Reimold, A Kracher, B Traexler, A Vormaier (1996) Mineralogical, petrological, and geochemical studies of drill cores from the Manson impact structure: A progress report, Special Paper - Geological Society of America 302, Christian Koeberl, Raymond R Anderson (ed.), p. 145-219, Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO, url

Mary Clare Jones, George R McCormick, R R Anderson (1996) Preliminary clay-mineral investigation of some impactites recovered by core drilling in the Manson impact structure, Special Paper 302 The Manson impact structure Iowa anatomy of an impact crater,

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